Decodificador de Código de Colores de Resistencias
Decodifica el código de colores de resistencias de 4 y 5 bandas para obtener valor y tolerancia.
Fórmula
R = (10 \cdot d_1 + d_2) \times 10^n
Cómo Funciona
The resistor color code is a standardized method of encoding electrical resistance values using colored bands on resistor bodies. Developed in the mid-20th century, this system allows quick identification of resistance, tolerance, and reliability without requiring direct measurement. Each color represents a specific numerical value or multiplier, with the first two bands indicating the significant digits and the third band determining the decimal placement. Colors are arranged in a precise sequence: brown, red, orange, yellow, green, blue, violet, gray, white, and black, corresponding to digits 0-9. The code enables engineers and technicians to rapidly identify component specifications in complex electronic assemblies, supporting rapid prototyping and troubleshooting in both analog and digital circuits.
Ejemplo Resuelto
Consider a resistor with color bands: Brown-Black-Red-Gold. Decoding this: Brown (1) and Black (0) represent the first two digits as 10. Red indicates a multiplier of 10^2 (100). Gold indicates ±5% tolerance. Calculating the value: (1×10 + 0) × 100 = 1000 Ω or 1 kΩ, with a tolerance of ±5%. In a practical circuit like an LED current-limiting resistor, this 1 kΩ resistor would allow precise current control while maintaining a tight manufacturing tolerance.
Consejos Prácticos
- ✓Always verify color bands under good lighting
- ✓Use a magnifying glass for precise color identification
- ✓Cross-reference with a reliable color code chart
Errores Comunes
- ✗Misreading band sequence leading to incorrect resistance calculation
- ✗Confusing tolerance bands with multiplier bands
- ✗Not accounting for temperature coefficient in precision applications
Preguntas Frecuentes
How many bands are typically used?
Standard resistors use 4-5 color bands. Four-band resistors have two significant digits, a multiplier, and a tolerance. Five-band resistors add an additional significant digit.
What does a gold tolerance band mean?
A gold tolerance band indicates ±5% variation from the nominal resistance value, which is suitable for many general electronic applications.
Can I determine resistance without a color code calculator?
Experienced engineers can memorize color codes, but a calculator or reference chart is recommended for accuracy, especially with complex multi-band resistors.
Do all resistors use color coding?
Surface-mount resistors typically use numerical codes instead of color bands. Through-hole resistors most commonly use the color code system.
How precise are resistor color codes?
Tolerance ranges from ±1% (precision) to ±20% (general purpose), depending on the color bands and manufacturing process.
Shop Components
Affiliate links — we may earn a commission at no cost to you.
Related Calculators
General
Ohm's Law
Calculate voltage, current, resistance, and power using Ohm's Law. Enter any two values to solve for the remaining two quantities.
Power
Voltage Divider
Calculate voltage divider output voltage, current, Thévenin impedance, and power dissipation from Vin, R1, and R2. Ideal for bias networks and level shifting.
General
RC Time Constant
Calculate RC circuit time constant τ, charge time to 63.2% and 99%, and −3dB cutoff frequency. Essential for filter and timing circuit design.
General
Series/Parallel R·C·L
Calculate the equivalent series and parallel combination of up to four resistors, capacitors, or inductors. Also computes the voltage divider ratio for two-resistor networks.
General
LC Resonance
Calculate the resonant frequency, characteristic impedance, Q factor, and bandwidth of a series or parallel LC tank circuit. Enter inductance, capacitance, and optional series resistance.
General
Op-Amp Gain
Calculate op-amp voltage gain, gain in dB, −3 dB bandwidth, and input impedance for inverting, non-inverting, and differential amplifier configurations.